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Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Theory of Rational Behavior (TRA), and Theory of Hierarchy of Needs (ERG), this study, combined with the theory of motivation and job satisfaction, and took participation satisfaction as the influence of internal motivation and external motivation on the sustainable working intention for Beijing expatriates. Mediating variables explored the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on engagement satisfaction, intention to remain engaged, and the effects of working satisfaction, expatriate willingness, expatriate policy, expatriate adaptation, and compensation package. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence mechanism for workers in the sustainable working intention overseas of the current state-aided construction projects; to explore the relationship between policy, overseas mission, work responsibility, culture, workers' compensation, and policy; to suggest a better approach in enhancing the overseas working conditions for Beijing expatriates. Four hundred and one completed questionnaires of Beijing expatriates were collected through the online WeChat platform by random sampling in May of 2022. The results showed that working satisfaction significantly impacted sustainable working intention; expatriate willingness, policy, adaptation, and compensation package significantly impacted working satisfaction. Further suggestions in raising expatriate packages had also offered specific guidelines for state-owned operations to improve expatriate satisfaction in working overseas projects.